I. Phonemes
Knowledge
of phonemes will build your foundation on how native American English speakers
pronounce words. Remember that majority of BPOs in the country cater to
customers and clients from Western countries. Thus, knowledge of proper
pronunciation is important to be successful in the CCS industry. Phonemes are
distinct units of sound in a specified language that distinguish one word from
another. Phonemes can be vowels or consonants.
Vowel Phonemes
There are twenty vowel phonemes in the English language. Each phoneme is presented below:
 |
Consonant Phonemes
There
are two types of consonant phonemes:
1.
Voiced consonants - sounds produced with the vibration of the vocal cords. You
can place your hand on your through and feel it vibrate as you make the “b”
sound.
2.
Unvoiced consonants - sounds produced without vibration. They are usually
sounds
made by breathing out air.
The table below shows the voiced and unvoiced consonants.
II. Sentence Construction
Aside
from the pronunciation of English phonemes, it is also important to know how to
properly construct sentences for effective oral skills in English.
Parts
of a Sentence
A.
Subject - a noun or a pronoun that tells who or what the sentence is about.
There are two types of subjects:
1.
The complete subject consists of the simple subject and all the words that
modify it.
Examples:
Long black hair framed the child’s face.
The soft glow of sunset made
her happy.
2.
The simple subject is the key noun or pronoun that tells what the sentence is
about.
Examples:
The star glows.
Butterflies and bugs fly
nearby.
(There are two subjects combined
by “and”.)
B.
Predicate - the verb that tells what the subject is or does. It can be an action
word or a linking verb. There are also two types of predicates:
1.
The complete predicate consists of the simple predicate and all the words that
modify it or complete its meaning.
Examples:
Lindy ate a delicious muffin for breakfast.
The apple muffin contained
raisins.
2.
The simple predicate is the verb or verb phrase that expresses the essential
thought about the subject of the sentence.
Examples:
Rachel jogged down the hill.
Pete exercised for an hour.
Forming
a sentence
1.
Usually, the subject comes before the predicate in a sentence.
Examples:
Toys are in that box.
You waited for me at the
corner.
The teacher is feeling
better.
2.
In inverted sentences, all or part of the predicate precedes the subject. In
the
sentences
below, the subjects are underlined.
Examples:
There are toys in that box. (inverted)
(You) Wait for me at the
corner. (request)
Is the teacher feeling
better? (question)
Learning
Activity 1.
A.
Directions: Practice reading these word
pairs aloud. Make sure to pronounce each phoneme correctly.
Vowel Word Pairs:
1. bat - bait - can - cane - rat - rate
2. man - men - bat - bet - band - bend
3. rip - reap - sip - seep - pit - peat
4. not - note - hop - hope - rob - robe
5. cut - cute - luck - Luke - mutt – mute
Consonant Word Pairs:
1. pill – bill
2. fan – pan
3. ban- van
4. try – dry
5. choke – joke
6. sip – zip
7. could – good
8. think – sink
9. than – dan
10. throw – though
B. Directions: Read the following
sentences, keeping in mind the correct pronunciation of the phonemes.
Vowel Sounds:
1. Do you do yoga?
2. This famous Facebook page is about
baking cakes.
3. These sliced beef meat will be picked
up next week.
4. The man ran away with my glasses.
5. I kept my cell phone open last night.
Consonant Sounds:
1. Barry bought the best vest be could
find for his beach vacation.
2. Mr. Pan brought five fried chickens to
the pantry.
3. I ordered three cakes for my birthday
on Thursday.
4. This day seems to be darker than
usual.
5. My seven puppies are strolling under
the shining sun
C. Direction: Read the tongue twisters
below as fast as you could. Make sure that you still have the proper pronunciation
of the English phonemes.
Vowel Phonemes:
1. Eddie edited Earl’s easy music
2. Gooey gopher guts
3. Excited executioner exercising his
excising powers excessively 4. Annie ate eight Arctic apples
5. An orange oval spooks the odd
operative
6. An awful aardvark and an aching ape
ate an antelope
Consonant Phonemes:
1. She sells seashells by the seashore
2. I thought I thought of thinking of
thanking you
3. A big black bug snoozed on a big black
rug
4. He threw three free throws
5. Fred fed Ted bread and Ted fed Fred
bread
D. Directions: Read the dialogue while
pronouncing the words with correct sounds.
Vowel Sound
Agent: This is Max of Pizza Party. May I have your
full name and your order, please?
Customer: This is John Price. I want one Pepperoni
Pizza Family Size and one
Overloaded Pizza
Regular.
Agent: Thank you. Let me repeat that: one Pepperoni
Pizza Family Size and one Overloaded Pizza Regular. Is that right?
Customer: Yes. Deliver that at 745 Madison Square, New
York City.
Agent: Got it. Would you
like to add extra pizza sauce or mozzarella cheese? That’s just 2 dollars each.
Customer: Sure. I’ll have the extra mozzarella. I’ll
pay it in cash once it’s delivered.
Agent: Ok then. Please
prepare 21 dollars in total. Your pizza will be delivered to your door within
30 minutes. Thanks for calling Pizza Party. Have a great day!
Consonant Sound
Agent: This is Alex of ABC Computer Assistance. How
may I help you?
Customer: I seem to have
trouble opening my computer. It doesn’t turn on.
Agent: Are you in front of your computer right now?
Customer: Yes.
Agent: Kindly check if
the computer is properly plugged in.
Customer: Yes, it is
properly plugged in.
Agent: Now try to push
the power button on the system unit.
Customer: Ok, but
nothing happens.
Agent: Can you turn on
the lights in your room?
Customer: Oh no, I think
we have no electricity.
Agent: That’s probably
why you can’t turn on your computer, sir.
Customer: I guess so.
Thanks a lot.
Agent: Thank you for
calling and we are glad to be of service.
Learning
Activity 2. Finding the Complete Subject and
Predicate.
Directions: Encircle the complete subject
and underline the complete predicate in each sentence.
1. Colorful fireworks lit up the sky.
2. Doctor Sullivan and his talking parrot
arrived at the party.
3. I bought a checkered shirt for Nathan.
4. My whole family ate dinner together
5. Mr. McGee's daughter plays soccer with
her friends.
6. The stern judge ruled that the
defendant was not guilty.
7. Only I am able to know what I am
thinking.
8. All of the townspeople ran from the
burning building.
9. His broken leg will heal in three
months.
10. The saber-toothed tiger is a good
example of an extinct predator.
What I Can Do?
Direction: Form
four groups. Write 5 sentences about the topic “Our Daily Life”. Make sure that
your sentences contain both a subject and a predicate. Put your sentences on a
Manila Paper.
Each group will exchange
outputs. Afterward, encircle the simple subject and underline the simple
predicate in each sentence
Criteria for Evaluation.
|
Criteria |
Fair (2) |
Good (3) |
Very Good (4) |
Excellent (5) |
|
The group was able to write 5 sentences
with subjects and predicates. |
|
|
|
|
|
The group encircled the correct simple
subjects. |
|
|
|
|
|
The group was able to underline the
correct simple predicate. |
|
|
|
|
Assessment:
Part
A. Subject
Directions:
Draw an O if the words in the bold form a complete subject; draw an X if it is only a
simple subject.
_______________1.
Keeping oneself healthy helps in the long run.
_______________2.
It strengthens your immune system.
_______________3.
Doing exercise also enables you to fight diseases.
_______________4.
Being healthy allows you to be strong and happy.
_______________5.
Health is indeed wealth.
Part
B. Predicate
Directions:
Draw an O if the words in the bold form a complete predicate; draw an X if it is only
a simple
predicate.
_______________6.
Taking care of the body is simple.
_______________7. A proper diet involves eating nutritious food.
_______________8.
Hydration is also very important.
_______________9.
Regular exercise builds a stronger body for you.
_______________10.
All these will help you be healthier and happier.
Prepared by:
JOANNE V. CURA
Teacher I
Checked by:
CRISANTA F. CAUDAL
Head Teacher IV
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