Tense and Aspect CCS 10 Q1 Week 6

Regular and Irregular Verbs

Regular verbs form their past tense and past participle by adding -ed to the base form. Examples include "talked" and "watched."

Irregular verbs, on the other hand, do not follow this pattern and have unique forms for the past tense and past participle. Examples include "did" and "sang."

Tense and Aspect

Tense is a verb-based technique used to convey the timing of an action or state in relation to the time of speaking, as well as its continuation or completion.

There are three primary verb tenses:

Present Tense

Simple Present Tense - used to describe present or habitual actions. Example: Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.


Progressive Present Tense - describes actions happening in the present while the speaker is speaking. Example: The water is already boiling when I put in the pasta.


Present Perfect Tense - used for actions that were recently completed or are still in effect. Example: The water has boiled just a minute ago.

Past Tense

Simple Past Tense - used to describe actions completed in the past. Example: I finished my homework.


Progressive Past Tense - pertains to actions completed before some other past action. Example: I was still finishing my homework when you called.


Present Perfect Tense - used for actions just done or still in effect. Example: I had finished my homework since this weekend.

Future Tense

Simple Future Tense - used to describe actions that will occur in the future. Example: Eddie will win the music competition.


Progressive Future Tense - used for actions that will happen in the future while the speaker is speaking. Example: Eddie will be winning the competition while I'm in medical school.


Present Future Tense - used for actions to be completed before a specified future time. Example: Eddie will have won the competition before you leave medical school.

Prepositions

Prepositions are a crucial part of grammar used to describe the relationship between nouns or pronouns and other elements in a sentence. They provide information about location, direction, time, and more.

Prepositions of Place

At is used to specify a point or a specific address. Example: I live at 123 Sunset Park, California.


In is employed for enclosed spaces or wide, spacious areas. Example: The cat is in a box inside the building.


On is used for surfaces like roads, streets, and bodies of water. Example: The book is on the table, and the boat is on the river.


By is used when discussing the proximity of an object or person to another. Example: She stood by the sea, and the car is parked by the house.

Prepositions of Time

Prepositions of time help specify particular time periods, whether it's a clock time, a day of the week, a date on the calendar, or the time when something occurs.

At refers to specific clock times, holidays, and very specific time frames such as "at night." Example: The meeting is at 7:00 PM, and we'll meet at noon.


In is used for months, seasons, years, centuries, general times of day, and longer periods such as "in the past." Example: We'll go on vacation in June, and I love the flowers in spring.


On is employed for days of the week, specific dates, and special days like "on New Year's Day." Example: We have a meeting on Tuesday, and my birthday is on January 25, 2018.


By is used to refer to dates when an action is completed. Example: Please submit your report by March, and we'll finish the project by 2020.